CALIBRATION OF LASER DISTANCE METERS

Laserske merilnike uporabljamo za meritve razdalj do 100 m, točnost meritve pa je v območju nekaj milimetrov. Ker merilnike v zadnjem času vse več uporabljajo tudi za meritve v različnih panogah (industrija, promet, geodezija, …), kjer je potrebno zagotoviti sledljivost meritve, jih je potrebno ustrezno umerjati. V Sloveniji trenutno še ni akreditiranega laboratorija za umerjanje teh merilnikov, zato so se v Laboratoriju za tehnološke meritve odločili, da izdelajo ustrezno merilno metodo in postopek, ter ustvarijo pogoje za akreditiranje te dejavnosti. V sklopu izdelave postopka za umerjanje je potrebno ovrednotiti vse vplivne dejavnike na negotovost meritve. Meroslovni področji, ki jih bom v nalogi obdelal, sta predvsem umerjanje in sledljivost ter merilna negotovost. V nalogi sem opisal podroben postopek za umerjanje laserskih merilnikov dolžin ter ovrednotil vse pogoje umerjanja in izrazil njihov vpliv na meritev z merilno negotovostjo. Vplivne veličine na negotovost pri tem umerjanju so predvsem kakovost merilne podlage, temperatura merjenja, negotovost umerjanja etalona ter točnost razbiranja ničelne in merilne točke. Vse omenjene parametre sem ovrednotil na osnovi eksperimentov, ki sem jih izvedel v Laboratoriju za tehnološke meritve.Laser distance meters are used for measuring lengths up to 100 m, measurement accuracy is within a few millimetres. Recently distance meters are increasingly used for measurements in different fields (industry, traffic, geodesy,…) where traceability of measurement needs to be assured, that is why they need to be properly calibrated. At present, in Slovenia there is not an accredited laboratory for calibration of these distance meters yet, therefore people in Laboratory for production measurement decided to develop proper measurement method and procedure, and to create conditions for accreditation of this activity. Whilst developing procedure for calibration, it is necessary to evaluate all factors that influence uncertainty of measurement. Metrology fields which I will present in my paper are mostly calibration and traceability, and measurement uncertainty. In my paper I described detailed procedure for calibration of laser distance meters, evaluated all calibration conditions, and recorded their influence on measurement with uncertainty of measurement. Magnitudes influencing this calibration uncertainty are mostly quality of measurement surface, measurement temperature, calibration uncertainty of etalon, and reading accuracy of zero point and measurement point. All mentioned parameters I evaluated on basis of experiments which I conducted in Laboratory for production measurement