PHYSICAL FITNESS IN RELATION TO THE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OF BOYS IN THE SECOND CYCLE OF THE PRIMARY SCHOOL

Temeljni namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti, ali med skupinami različno gibalnih dejavnih dečkov obstajajo razlike v gibalni učinkovitosti in kakšne so te razlike. Raziskovalni vzorec je štel 221 dečkov, ki so obiskovali četrti, peti in šesti razred sedmih severovzhodnih slovenskih osnovnih šol. Za ugotavljanje gibalne dejavnosti smo uporabili posebej pripravljen anketni vprašalnik, s katerim smo dobili podatke o količini gibalne dejavnosti dečkov. Na osnovi dobljenih podatkov so bili dečki razdeljeni v skupino nizko, skupino srednje in skupino zelo gibalno dejavnih dečkov. Za oceno gibalnih sposobnosti smo izbrali sedem testov, ki merijo koordinacijo gibanja celega telesa, eksplozivno in repetitivno moč, ravnotežje, gibljivost, hitrost enostavnih gibov in vzdržljivost. Razlike v gibalni učinkovitosti med skupinami različno gibalno dejavnih dečkov smo izračunali z analizo variance (ANOVA), pri čemer smo ugotavljali statistično značilnost razlik na ravni tveganja p≤0.05. Razlike smo natančneje opredelili s Post-Hoc preizkusom po metodi Scheffe. Rezultati kažejo, da obstajajo med skupinami nizko, srednje in zelo gibalno dejavnih dečkov statistično pomembne razlike v treh od sedmih testov za merjenje gibalne učinkovitosti. Pri testih, ki merita eksplozivno in repetitivno moč, nastajajo razlike med skupinama srednje in zelo gibalno dejavnih dečkov, medtem ko se pri testu, ki meri vzdržljivost, pojavljajo razlike med skupinama nizko in zelo gibalno dejavnih dečkov. Med gibalno učinkovitostjo in gibalno dejavnostjo obstaja pozitivna povezava, vendar le v nekaterih gibalnih sposobnostih.The basic purpose of the study was to determine whether and what type of differences in physical fitness exist between groups of differently physically active boys. The research sample included 221 boys from the fourth, fifth and sixth grades of seven primary schools from the north-eastern part of Slovenia. In order to determine the levels of their physical activity, a specially prepared questionnaire was used by which we could obtain quantitative data on physical activity of the boys. Based on this, the boys were divided into groups of low, medium or highly physically active boys. To assess physical ability, we used seven tests for measuring the coordination of body movement, explosive and repetitive strength, balance, flexibility, the speed of simple movements and endurance. The differences in physical fitness between groups of differently physically active boys were calculated by means of analysis of variance (ANOVA), whereby the statistical characteristics of the differences were identified at risk level p≤0.05. The differences were further determined using the Post-Hoc test according to Scheffe\u27s Method. The results have revealed significant differences between groups of low, medium and highly physically active boys, in three out of seven tests measuring physical fitness. The results of the two tests measuring explosive and repetitive strength revealed some differences between the groups of medium and highly physically active boys, whereas the test measuring endurance revealed differences between low and highly physically active boys. There is a positive correlation between physical fitness and physical activity however, only in some physical abilities