Italy between 1890 and 1899 acording to periodicals Slovenec and Slovenski narod

Italijo so v obravnavanem obdobju na notranjepolitičnem prizorišču zaznamovala socialna gibanja. Zraven tega so jo pestili dolgovi in dajatve. Zaradi tega so izbruhnile številne stavke in nemiri, ki so trajali vse desetletje. Upirali so se delavci, dijaki in kmetje. Nemiri so dosegli dva vrhunca: prvi je bil v letih 1893/94 na Siciliji, drugi pa leta 1898 v Milanu in okolici, kjer je nastala prava revolucija. Slabe družbene in gospodarske razmere so povzročile tudi migracije delavcev v druge države, kjer so iskali boljše možnosti zaslužka. Zraven vsega pa sta bili v Italiji prisotni tudi dve gibanji, iredentistično in anarhistično, ki sta prav tako še zaostrovali razmere v nestabilni Italiji. Niti prizadevanja vseh ministrstev, ki so se zaradi slabih razmer hitro menjavala, niso mogla rešiti Italije iz vedno večje krize. Zunanjepolitično je Italija gojila dobre stike s sosednjo Avstro-Ogrsko in Nemčijo, s katerima je bila v trojni zvezi. Italija je bila v prijateljskem odnosu tudi s številnimi ostalimi državami, s katerimi je sklepala razne pogodbe, spet z drugimi si je bila v nasprotju, zlasti zaradi ozemeljskih vprašanj in italijanskih izseljencev. Italija si je po zgledu ostalih evropskih velesil zelo prizadevala dobiti nekaj ozemlja v Afriki. Tako je s pogodbo leta 1889 Etiopija (Abesinija) postala italijanski protektorat. Vendar pa italijansko veselje ni trajalo dolgo, saj so jih leta 1896 Etiopijci od tam pregnali. Prav tako so bile razmere med kraljevino Italijo in Vatikanom še vedno zelo slabe. Ena najpomembnejših osebnosti, papež Leon XIII. je s svojimi okrožnicami zelo zaznamoval zadnja desetletja 19. stoletja.In the given period Italy was marked by social movements in its internal political scene. Besides that it was struggling with debt and duties. Those were the causes for numerous strikes and riots that lasted for a whole decade. Workers, students and farmers were resisting the authorities. The riots reached their peak in 1893/94 in Sicily and in 1989 in Milan and its surroundings, where an actual revolution took place. Poor social and economic conditions also caused migration of workers to other countries in search of better opportunities. Besides that the situation in the unstable Italy was getting tougher due to two movements – irredentism and anarchism. Even the effort of all the ministries, which were changing in short periods of time due to the poor conditions, could not get Italy out of the growing crisis. Italy had good external political relationship with the neighbouring Austro-Hungary and Germany, with which it was forming a triple alliance. Italy also had a friendly relationship with numerous other countries, with which it was concluding various contracts, while with some it was also in opposition, mostly due to territorial issues and Italian emigrants. Just like other European leading countries Italy was striving to gain some territory in Africa. In 1889 it concluded a contract with Ethiopia (Abyssinia), which became an Italian protectorate. Italian joy over this acquisition did not last long, though – the Italians were defeated by the Ethiopians in 1896. The relations between the Kingdom of Italy and Vatican were still very poor. One of the most important personalities, Papa Leo XIII, distinctly marked the last decades of the 19th century with his circular letters