Calculating credits

Namen diplomskega dela je raziskati računanje kreditov in uporabnost matematičnih orodij pri računanju le-teh. Diplomsko delo je sestavljeno iz treh delov. V prvem delu so podane splošne lastnosti zaporedij, aritmetično in geometrijsko zaporedje. Nadalje so predstavljene lastnosti vrst. V drugem delu sledi opredelitev pojmov, povezanih z računanjem kreditov (obresti, obrestna mera, obrestni račun). Poudarek je na izdelavi amortizacijskih oziroma odplačilnih načrtov. Upoštevali smo obe možnosti odplačevanja kredita: anuitetni in obročni način. V zadnjem delu smo predstavili praktični primer računanja kreditov. Izdelali smo odplačilni načrt za najeti kredit: izbrali smo vrsto kredita in znesek kredita, določili mesečno anuiteto in izbrali ustrezno obrestno mero. Za posamezno kapitalizacijsko obdobje smo nato izračunali obresti, razdolžnine in ostanke dolgov. Izračune smo primerjali z informativnim izračunom odplačilnega načrta, ki smo ga naredili na spletnih staneh NKBM. Za konec smo na primeru dveh izbranih bank (NLB in NKBM) naredili primerjavo informativnih izračunov za stanovanjski kredit. Določili smo znesek kredita in odplačilno dobo. Zanimala nas je mesečna anuiteta, ki bi jo morali plačevati ob najemu izbranega kredita.The purpose of this diploma work was to research the calculation of credits and the applicability of the mathematical instruments at calculating credits. The diploma work consists of three parts. In the first part the general properties of progressions, arithmetic progression and geometric progression are presented. Furthermore we have presented the characteristics of the sequences. In the second part there are definitions of conceptions, connected with calculating credits (interests, rate of interest, interest account). We wanted to emphasise the composition of amortisation schedules. We have considered both possibilities of repayment of the credit: the annuity and the instalment’s way of payment. In the last part the practical example of calculating the credits is presented. We have made a payment plan for the engaged credit: we have chosen the type and the amount of the credit, defined the month annuity and chosen the rate of interest. Then we have calculated the interests, redemption of debts and the rest of debts for every capitalization period. Our calculations were compared with the informative plan, which we have made on the NKBM\u27s internet web page. At the end we have chosen two banks (NLB and NKBM) and made informative calculations for a residential credit. Then we have presented a few practical examples of credits calculations. We have defined the amount of the credit and the period of paying by installments. We were interested in the month annuity, which we should pay at the credit loan