CURRENT CHANGES IN ENGLISH SYNTAX WITH EMPHASIS ON ASPECT AND PASSIVE IN ENGLISH AND SLOVENE

Diplomsko delo obravnava sodobne spremembe v angleški skladnji s poudarkom na glagolskem vidu in trpniku v angleščini in slovenščini. Gre za primerjavo glagolskega vida in trpnika v angleščini ter slovenščini. Definicijo glagolskega vida in trpnika najdemo v obeh jezikih. Pri glagolskem vidu v angleščini sem raziskovala širjenje progresiva, določne in nedoločne glagole, angleške nedoločne in pogresivne oblike časa ter prevajanje le teh iz angleščine v slovenščino. Pri glagolskem vidu v slovenščini sem se osredotočila na dvovidske glagole, tvorbo dovršnih oblik iz nedovršnih, tvorbo nedovršnih oblik iz dovršnih, enovidske glagole, rabo nedovršnih oblik namesto dovršnih in tipe glagolskih dejanj. Pri raziskavi trpnika v angleščini sem obravnavala definicijo trpnika, čase, ki se uporabljajo v trpniku, širjenje progresivnega pasiva (nedovršnega trpnika), razliko med trpnikom in stanjem, prevajanje trpnika iz angleščine v slovenščino in spremembe v rabi trpnika. Pri trpniku v slovenščini sem se osredotočila na oblike trpnika, pretvorbeno razmerje tvornika in trpnika, na razliko med stanjem in trpnikom, pogosto rabo deležnika na -n/-t in manj pogosto rabo trpnika s se. Diplomsko delo obravnava tudi opis sodobnih sprememb in njihove prevajalske probleme iz angleščine v slovenščino ter obratno. Opisala sem spremembe, ki se nanašajo na modalnost in na konjunktiv, ter naraščanje nedoločnih glagolskih oblik, posebej glagolnika, v sodobni angleščini. V empiričnem delu diplomske naloge sem primere sodobnih sprememb prevedla iz angleščine v slovenščino. Na koncu diplomskega dela sta podana analiza prevodov teh sprememb iz angleščine v slovenščino in zaključek.The diploma paper deals with current changes in English syntax with emphasis on aspect and passive voice in English and Slovene. It is about the comparison of aspect and passive between English and Slovene. Aspect and passive are defined in both languages. With regard to verbal aspect in English, I investigated the spread of the progressive, terminative verbs and the non-terminative ones, indefinite form and progressive form and the translation of indefinite and progressive forms from English into Slovene. According to aspect in Slovene, I investigated biaspectual verbs, the formation of perfective forms from the imperfective ones, the formation of imperfective verbs from the perfective ones, mono-aspectual verbs, the use of imperfective verbs instead of the perfective ones and types of verbal actions. As far as the passive voice in English is concerned, the investigation was about the definition of the passive voice, the tenses in the passive voice, the spread of the progressive passive, the difference between passive and state, the translation of passive from English into Slovene and the developments in the use of the passive. With regard to the passive voice in Slovene, I was focused on the forms of the passive voice, the transforming relation of active and passive, the difference between state and passive and the frequent use of the participle ending in -n/-t and the less frequent use of the passive with se. The diploma paper deals with the description of current changes and their translation issues from English into Slovene and vice versa. I described the changes referring to the modality, the changes with regard to the use of subjunctive and the rise of non-finite verbal forms, particularly the rise of the gerund in Modern English. In the empirical part, the examples of the current changes were translated from English into Slovene. The diploma paper ends with the analysis of the translation of current changes from English into Slovene and conclusion in a final part