Nursing care of an older person after a hip operation during a rehabilitation at health resort Terme Zreče

Prebivalstvo po vsem svetu se stara, število starostnikov se veča. Sorazmerno se zvišuje tudi odstotek padcev in posledičnih zlomov kolka, ki so za starostnika pogosto lahko usodni. Poznavanje notranjih, predvsem pa zunanjih dejavnikov tveganja za zlom kolka je bistvenega pomena, saj jih pogosto lahko odstranimo. Rehabilitacija starostnika po poškodbi je zahtevna in pogosto ne doseže zastavljenih ciljev. Vloga medicinske sestre v obravnavi starostnika v fazi rehabilitacije s fiziatrom in fizioterapevti v ospredju pogosto ostaja nevidna, čeprav je starostniku neprestano v pomoč pri izvajanju osnovnih življenjskih aktivnosti na poti k ponovni samostojnosti. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 25 starostnikov po 65. letu starosti, ki so po zlomu kolka bili sprejeti na zdraviliško zdravljenje v zdravilišče Terme Zreče. Raziskava je temeljila na osnovi lestvice funkcijske neodvisnosti (Functional Independence Measure-FIM), ki ocenjuje samostojnost izvajanja osemnajstih motoričnih in kognitivnih aktivnosti. Ocenjevalno lestvico smo uporabili trikrat: ob sprejemu, po enem tednu bivanja in ob odpustu. Podatke smo obdelali v programih Microsoft Excel in Microsoft Word. Rezultate ocenjevalne lestvice smo izrazili v obliki osnovnih življenjskih aktivnosti po Virginiji Henderson in tako ugotavljali odvisnost starostnika od medicinske sestre. Rezultati so pokazali, da je vloga medicinske sestre v postopku rehabilitacije zelo pomembna, saj je večina starostnikov ob sprejemu in še po prvem tednu terapevtske obravnave odvisna od pomoči pri osnovnih življenjskih aktivnostih. Pogosto tudi po odpustu ostanejo odvisni od pomoči svojcev, kar je pogosto vzrok za sprejem v institucionalno varstvo.Population all over the world is growing old and the number of older people is increasing. Proportionally, the percentage of falls and consequently hip fractions is increasing as wellthe latter can often be fatal for an older person. Knowledge of internal and external risk factors behind a hip fraction is of a crucial importance since these factors can often be removed. Rehabilitation of an older person after an injury is demanding and often doesn’t achieve the pursued goals. In rehabilitation phase with a physiatrist and physiotherapists in the foreground, the role of a nurse at treatment of an older person often stays invisible. However, she constantly provides help with them at performing of the basic life activities on their way to a renewed independence. Twenty five older people at the age sixty five and above participated in the researchthey were all approved a medical treatment at the health resort Terme Zreče. The research was based on the functional assessment scale (Functional Independence Measure – FIM) which estimates independence at performing eighteen motor and cognitive activities. The assessment scale was used in three phases: at the admission, after one week of residence and at the discharge. The data were processed with computer programs Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Word. The results of the assessment scale were expressed in the form of basic life activities according to Virginia Henderson. By this means we determined dependence of an older person on a nurse. The results showed that the role of a nurse in a rehabilitation process is of a significant importanceat the admission and also after the first week of a therapeutic treatment, the majority of older people depend on nurse’s help at basic life activities. After a discharge, they often stay dependent on their relatives’ help as well, which is a frequent cause for their admission to institutional care