UPBRINGING AND EDUCATION IN ANCIENT GREECE

Vzgajanje in izobraževanje otrok ter mladine sta izjemno pomembna elementa vsakega naroda. Znanje, duhovna razgledanost in razvijanje spretnosti ter sposobnosti imajo že od nekdaj velik pomen in tega so se zavedali že v antičnih časih. In prav zaradi tega je Grčija v času svojega zgodovinskega razvoja, pod vplivom družbenih, gospodarskih, kulturnih in političnih sprememb, zaradi katerih je prišlo tudi do potreb po širši in globlji izobrazbi, začela ustanavljati šole. Do formiranja prvih šol je prišlo okrog 6. stoletja pr. Kr., posledično pa tudi do pojava poklicnih učiteljev. Šole so obiskovali le dečki, ki so bili v njih deležni predvsem elementarnega znanja (branje, pisanje računanja), veliko pozornosti pa so namenjali tudi telesni vzgoji. V 5. stoletju pr. Kr. se je s prihodom sofistov začelo uveljavljati tudi neke vrste višje izobraževanje. V antični Grčiji je prišlo tudi do nastanka prvih pedagoških idej in teorij, ki so nato s Sokratom, Platonom, Izokratom in Aristotelom postavile temelje za razvoj pedagogike kot znanosti.Upbringing and education of children and youth are cornerstones of a nation. Knowledge, wide reading and development of skills and competences have always been very important, even back in the ancient times. Therefore, in ancient Greece under the influence of social, economic, cultural and political changes, which resulted in the need for a broader and better education, schools started to be established. The first schools were set up around the 6. century B.C. Consequently, this was also the time when first professional teachers emerged. Only boys could attend those schools, where they learned the basics (reading, writing, arithemtic), however, much attention was also paid to physical education. In the 5. century B.C., the Sophists were the first to introduce a form of higher education. It was also in ancient Greece where the first pedagocial ideas and theories were established, along with the work of Socrates, Plato, Isocrates and Aristotle, those were the foundation for the development of pedagogy as a science