Socio-economic Considerations, Article 26.1 of the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety : What are the Issues and What is at Stake?

"The author presented this article at the 12th ICABR Conference "The Future of Agricultural Biotechnology: Creative Destruction, Adoption, or Irrelevance?" in Ravello, Italy, June 12-14, 2008."The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety allows the possibility of including socio-economic considerations in biosafety regulatory approval processes and decision making for genetically modified products. Divergent opinions about the desirability of including socio-economic considerations have polarized the debate. For biosafety approval processes, assessment of socio-economic considerations will likely be before the fact, as the genetically modified product has not reached commercialization approval processes. This implies that there is a limited scope as to methods and approaches for assessments. To ensure that socio-economic assessments will not become an obstacle to the development and transfer of safe and efficacious products to farmers, all stakeholders need to understand clearly all regulations governing inclusion of socio-economic considerations. Furthermore, the decision-making process needs to clearly define decision-making rules and standards by which to guide approval processes.The support provided for the activities of the Program for Biosafety Systems (PBS) by the Office of Administrator, Bureau for Economic Growth, Agriculture and Trade/ Environment and Science Policy, US Agency for International Development, under the terms of Award No. EEM-A-00-03- 00001-00.Includes bibliographical reference