Reporter-based Synthetic Genetic Analysis of Budding Yeast Reveals Novel MMS-induced Effectors of the RNR3 Promoter

The DNA damage response is a cell-wide response that coordinates repair and cell-cycle progression. Crucial to fidelity of genetic propagation, survival, and apoptosis, dysfunctions in the response are at the root of genome instability syndromes and cancer predisposition in mammalian cells. Within the response lie hubs of coordination, called checkpoints, whose members and organization are ubiquitous amongst eukaryotes. The high conservation of these checkpoints enable the study of their dynamics by proxy via simpler model organisms. We use the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, to study the replication and DNA damage checkpoints --- both implicated in DNA damage repair. Using a yEGFP reporter driven by the RNR3 promoter and reporter-based synthetic genetic array analysis, we created a detector of potential checkpoint activation in response to two doses of MMS, 0.015% and 0.060% (v/v). The high-throughput screens and differential epistasis miniarray analyses (EMAPs) yield unanticipated involvement of oxidative stress response, ribosomal biogenesis, and chromatin remodelling genes