«A Primeira República Portuguesa (1910-1926): partidos e sistema político, ARBOR, Ciencia, Pensamiento y Cultura

For historical, organisational, clientelist, violent and constitutional reasons the Portuguese Republican Party became the dominant party in the political system of the Portuguese First Republic (1910-1926). The opposition felt alternation via elections would be difficult to achieve so resorted to violent and unconstitutional practices to reach government. The Portuguese political parties modernised themselves in this period, but failed to turn into mass parties. In major cities they acted as a cadre party and in the rural area as a party of notables. The First Republic failed to take solid steps to democratise the political system were And Portugal remained tied to the liberal and elitist tradition of the nineteenth century, although in a republican version