Co-design as a distributed dialogical design

We propose the following four key assumptions, illustrated with three examples, to analyze and to organize and monitor design processes involving users. 1) Users redesign the designers’ technology by using it. Thus, the coupling of the technology with the users’ new activity is at the core of the process. 2) Design is a process distributed among various people whose interdependency has to be taken into account during the process. 3) Developing both the technology and the activities implies various levels of dialogue that we define, referring to Bakthin’s work. 4) Focusing on one of these levels, we argue that a key issue is to highlight the various actors' differing perspectives during the design process