Un cadre pour analyser le développement durable des systèmes aquacoles littoraux

Many sustainable development referentials in the field of aquaculture have been developed over the last decade. The aim was twofold: to solve the various environmental and social crises in aquaculture, which have occurred after a period of rapid growth; and to meet the need for sectorial implementation of general recommendations regarding sustainable development. This transition towards a more sustainable type of aquaculture is all the more significant as it is considered as the key to territorial activity integration and provides the opportunity for questioning the future of this activity and professional organization, by modifying its image, and thus overcoming current constraints regarding access to highlycoveted coastal zones. Firstly, on the basis of system approaches developed in agriculture and commercial fishery, the authors propose a systemic approach grid for analyzing aquacultural systems. This chart must be consistent with the sustainable development referential and enabling to analyze the relationships between the aquaculture industry and territories. It also contributes to accounting for the scales according to which the sustainable development implementation process must be analyzed; on the one hand, the sustainability of aquaculture farms must be taken into account, and on the other hand, the contribution of aquaculture to territorial sustainability must be considered. Secondly, the authors analyze the conditions for implementing territorial integration by focusing on the assessment of stakeholders’ representations of these interactions in order to determine the main issues and conditions. Finally, the elaborated analytical framework is faced with the new referentials of “ecosystem approaches” which may be considered as a continuation of the study on the territorial integration of aquaculture