Propagation of the Bernstein Wave in a Magnetized Plasma

Obliquely propagating Bernstein wave is observed to be excited by a coaxial antenna in a magnetized plasma. Investigation of the wavesurface and the direction of the phase velocity suggest that the wave is the backward one in z direction for the condition when the upper hybrid frequency ωUH/27L is "nearly equal to the wave frequency ω/2π. and the forward one for the condition when ωUH/2πis much larger than ω/27L. This behavior is consistent qualitatively with the theoretical consideration for infinite system