Maternal Iron Deficiency and Pregnancy Outcome in Saudis

The effect of maternal iron deficiency anemia on pregnancy outcome was studied in 135 anemic (hemoglobin < 11.0 g/dl) mothers, while 125 mothers served as controls (hemoglobin ≥ 11.0 g/dl) (non-anemic). Both groups were followed up at the prenatal clinics in Riyadh Military Hospital, Saudi Arabia in which they use serum ferritin concentration test to verify the maternal iron status in anemic mothers. The main study tool was the questionnaire that is composed of four sections: sociodemographic characteristics, medical and obstetric history, lifestyle during pregnancy, and anthropometric measurements of both the mother and the newborn. Results of the study showed that family income and the parents’ level of education were significantly lower in the case group. Subjects’ compliance to iron supplement intake was found to be lower in anemic mothers. More cases consumed iron absorption inhibitors such as tea and soda with meals than controls. On the other hand, more controls consumed iron absorption enhancers like citrus fruits, than cases. The birth weight, birth height, and gestational age were significantly lower in those born to anemic women in comparison with those born to non-anemic women. Placental weight was significantly higher in newborns of anemic mothers.Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Universit