The importance of the cultivation of sweet lupins in Spain as a protein prime source for animal feeding. II. Yield produced from seeds of Lupinus Albus

Investigations have been carried out on the cultivation of unirrigated arable lands on areas in the hills of Cordoba and in the holrns and terraces of the Guadalquivir (Cordoba, Spain) about the sweet species of L. albus "Maxilupa" (the multiple principal stalk and normal stalk variety) and "Baetiens" (leafy plants), wick proceed from a former cultivation carried out by the authors; these were planted at the end of November and begining of December of 1974 when the lands were in the best conditions after the light rains which had fallen during the two previous months. We can point out as the most important abnormalities discovered during the experimental cultivation the sickness suffered by the lupins especially in the months of April and May of 1975, motivated by insects (Frankiniella spp.) and fungi (Fusarium spp.) the first of which were greatly reduced by use of insecticides ("Racusan" and "Fitosan doble") not responding as hoped to the use of "Fungosfor". Treatments of atnmonic nitrosulfate were carried out under cover and at the begining, of spring, at a dose of 50, 100 and 150 kg/Ha in L. albus "Maxilupa", of normal stems and L. albus "Baeticus" leafy, to compare their seed production (1,855.56-2,033.76 kg/Ha in the first and 3,228.16-3,334.38 kg/Ha in the second) opposite the altramuces of identical varieties which didn"t receive manure (1,971.9-2,102.40 kg/1-la, in "Maxilupa and 3,341.76 kg/Ha, in "Baeticus"). It was proven that at the measure that as the cups of manure were reduced, these were always less than in the non treated plants; if indeed the differences between one and the other didn"t have statistic significance. However L. albus "Maxilupa", of multiple principal stem, which hadn"t been treated with manure gave the highest yield (4,768.89-5,286.30 kg/Ha). We are satisfied with the yields obtained in this investigation, which could have been better if we had not been obliged to hold up the sowing due to climatic causes previously noted. This data together-with the excellent protein content which these vegetable plants have for animal feeding give evidence to the extraordinary importance of experimenting in the cultivation of swet lupin in the lands of the mountains of Cordoba and in other places in Spain with similar characteristics.Se ha investigado el cultivo en secano, sobre suelos de la sierra de Córdoba y de las vegas y terrazas del Guadalquivir (Córdoba, España), de especies dulces de I,. albus "Maxilupa" (variedades de tallos principales múltiples y de tallos normales) y "Baeticus" (plantas frondosas), que procedentes de un cultivo anterior realizado por los autores, fueron sembrados a finales de noviembre y principios de diciembre de 1974, cuando las tierras estaban en mejores condiciones, después de la escasa lluvia medida durante los dos meses anteriores. Como anomalías más importantes, registradas durante los cultivos experimentales, podemos señalar las enfermedades sufridas por los altramuces, especialmente en los meses de abril y mayo de 1975, motivadas por insectos (fiankinitlla spp.) y hongos (Fusarium spp.), que se corrigieron sensiblemente, las primeras, mediante el use de dos insecticidas ("Raeusan" y "Fitosan doble"), no respondiendo el criptogamicida utilizado ("Fungosfor") a la eficacia de el esperada. Se llevaron a cabo tratamientos con nitrosulfato amónico, en cobertera y a principios de primavera, a dosis de 50, 100 y 150 kg/Ha, en plantas L. albus "Maxilupa", de tallos normales, y L. albus "Baeticus", .froncilasas, para comparar sus rendimientos productivos de semillas (1.855,56-2.033,76 kg/Ha, en las primeras, y 3.j28,16-3.334,38 kg/Ha, en las segundas) Frente a altramuces de idénticas variedades que no recibieron abono (1.971,99-2.102,40 kg/Ha, en "Maxilupa" y 3.341.76 kg/Ha, en "Baeticus"). Se comprobó como a medida que aumentaron las tasas de abono, disminuyeron los rendimientos en peso de las semillas de los altramuces. que siempre fueron menores a los obtenidos con las plantas no tratadas; si bien las diferencias entre unos y otros no tuvieron significaci6n estadística. En todo caso, L. albus "Maxilupa". de /altos principales multiples, que no había sido abonada proporciono los rendimientos mas elevados (4.768.89-5.286,30 kg/Ha. Estimamos satisfactorios los rendimientos conseguidos en esta investigación, que podrían haberse mejorado de no haberlo impedido la siembra tardía que, por las causas climáticas antes citadas, nos vimos obligados a realizar. Estos datos, unidos al excelente aporte proteico que constituyen las semillas de esta leguminosa, para alimentaeión animal, evidencian la extraordinaria importancia de la experimentaci6n del cultivo del altramuz dulce en las tierras de la sierra de Córdoba y en otras de la geografía española de características afines