Anisotropic mass loss and stellar evolution : from Be Stars to Gamma Ray Bursts

The treatment of the rotation in stellar evolution codes had considerably improved the predictive capacity of such codes. One of the effects of rotation is the modification of various surface properties of the star. In particular, the stellar winds, which are spherical without rotation, become ever more anisotropic when rotation progressively increases. It is thus important to account precisely for this effect, to obtain a good estimation of the final angular momentum content of the star, which is decisive for the determination of the final fate of the star. In this thesis, we explore the various effects of such anisotropic winds on stellar evolution