National audienceIn image-guided surgery, the automatic extraction of information from the Operating Room (OR) has recently gained much interest. In particular, the automatic recognition of surgical phases, or more generally surgical events, allows bringing an additional help to surgeons, for intra or post-operative use. Clinical applications include the creation of post-operative reports, teaching, learning, surgical assessment, optimisation of OR management and of surgeries. In this article, we present a novel approach that focused on the automatic recognition of phases by microscope image analysis, which has never been done before. We used a hybrid method that combines supervised classification to extract binary visual cues and a discret...