Multiple Energy System Analysis of Smart Energy Systems

To eliminate the use of fossil fuels in the energy sector it is necessary to transition to future 100% renewable energy systems. One approach for this radical change in our energy systems is Smart Energy Systems. With a focus on development and interaction between smart electricity grids, smart thermal grids and smart gas grids, Smart Energy Systems moves the flexibility away from the fuel as is the case in current energy systems and into the system itself. However, most studies applying a Smart Energy System approach deals with analyses for either single countries or whole continents, but it is unclear how regions, municipalities, and communities should deal with these national targets. It is necessary to be able to provide this information since Smart Energy Systems utilize energy resources and initiatives that have strong relations to local authorities and communities, such as onshore wind power, biomass, solar power, district heating, and demand reductions. Thus, it is essential to develop a tool with the capabilities of splitting country analyses into regions, states, and municipalities. Such a tool can help in securing both overall national targets, but also enable more specific guidelines to municipalities in the transition to future 100% renewable Smart Energy Systems. A tool with such capabilities enables better discussions of energy systems and can potentially handle multiple country analyses. This paper discusses the development and consequences of modelling an energy system analysis tools capable of handling multiple system. This includes a review of how interconnection works, and what assumptions make sense when integrating them in large scale analysis of national energy systems. The result of the paper is the development of an actual tool capable of simulating and analyzing Smart Energy Systems consisting of multiple systems. The basis for developing the tool is the advanced energy system analysis computer model EnergyPLAN that currently has the capability of modeling and simulating Smart Energy System but not the possibility of allowing for analysis of multiple systems