Flexural and Flammability Characteristics of Woven Jute Fabric Reinforced Vinyl Ester Treated with Ammonium Polyphosphate

The work aims to determine the optimum fire-retardant treatment for the jute/vinyl ester composites on the composites' flexural and flammability characteristics. Ammonium polyphosphate deposition in composite samples increased the thickness and weight, which led to an increase in their sample densities. The deposition of 10% ammonium polyphosphate (APP) resulted in the highest flexural strength. However, APP significantly increased the flexural modulus of all samples to the untreated sample. In terms of flammability properties, the deposition of APP increased composites' performance against fire. Incorporating 10% of APP provides good flexural and fire-retardancy properties for the woven jute/vinyl ester composite