Association between gonadotrophic hormones (FSH and LH) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Adult Iraqi Males: a case-control Study

Background: Numerous authors have extensively assessed the correlation between gonadotrophic hormones, (FSH) and (LH), and metabolic disturbances in type 2 diabetes among postmenopausal women; On the other hand, there is limited knowledge regarding the connection between metabolic disorders in DMT2 and the pituitary-gonadal axis for men. Only a small number of published articles have emphasized noteworthy results in this regard. The current study has labeled an objective of how DMT2 is linked to serum hormonal levels concerning gonadotrophins.Methods: Iraq, Al-Ramadi Hospital served as the site of case-control research, involving 100 adult males diagnosed with DMT2 and 50 healthy male people as a control group. The patients were chosen at random among the people attending the Al-Ramadi teaching hospital's diabetes control center. The control group consisted of 50 adult males who were healthcare providers working at the teaching hospital. The study collected various variables, including age, (BMI), serum (FSH), (LH), fasting plasma glucose level, HbA1c%, HOMA-IR, and insulin level.Results: Mean serum LH was significant lower in patients with DMT2 Compared to controls, 3.83 ±1.76 mIU/ml versus 9.88 ± 1.64 mIU/ml, (p < 0.001); in addition, the percentage of individuals with low serum LH was significantly high in the patient’s group in comparison to that of the control, 95.0 % versus 4.0 %, (p < 0.001). Mean serum FSH was significant lower in patients with DMT2 in comparison with the category of controls, 3.41 ±1.25 mIU/ml versus 9.01 ±1.44 mIU/ml, (p < 0.001); Moreover, the percentage of people with low serum FSH was significantly higher in patients’ group in comparison to that of control, 100 % versus 0.0 %, (p < 0.001).Conclusions: DMT2 is linked with a significant effect on the pituitary-gonadal axis leading to reduced production of FSH and LH hormones in men