The role of peripheral blood smear analysis in diagnosing the type of anemia

Anemia is a condition seen with the first decrease or entry in relation to hemoglobin in the blood. Throughout the time of the blood test, we evaluate their color as well as the number of platelets present. Anemia is classified based on red blood cell morphology, red indices, and hemoglobin colors. Aims and objectives: With this blood analysis to help clinicians to diagnose the type of anemia by examining peripheral blood streaks and the parameters generated by the available automated counter and to compare the findings between these two methods. Material and methods: The study included the results of hemogram (hemogram) and peripheral blood smear analysis of 340 patients in the time period 01.03.2022. until 01.08.2023. The hematological analysis (schedule) was done at the Polyclinic Laboratory, Biolab Zafi, in Klina and the Medical Laboratory, Biolab-Zafi-F in Pejë. The blood sample for analysis was collected from venous blood with Vacutainer EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid) and from capillary peripheral blood. Strip peripheral blood and stain using May-Grunwald Gimsa stain. Findings in the peripheral strishton and the parameters generated by the counter of this number and the histograms that are evaluated and compared. Results: From 340 samples, hypochromic microcytic anemia is the most common (46.5%), followed by normocytic normochromic (26.3%), dimorphic (22.7%) and finally, hemolytic anemia (4.5%). Compared with the parameters of the ER generated by the counter found and the histograms, the findings in the peripheral strishon, in anemia showed a significant significant difference (P \u3c 0.0001). Conclusions: Peripheral blood smear examination together with ER histogram study may be able to categorize the type of anemia in many cases. Completing these hematological analyzes with other biochemistry parameters can increase the accuracy of the diagnosis of anemias