Deep Vein Thrombosis of Saphenous-Femoral Junction After Leg Lauromacrogol Foam Ultrasound Guided Percutaneous Sclerotherapy

Background: Lauromacrogol foam sclerotherapy is characterized by a high success rate in obliterating varicose veins and a low frequency of adverse effects. Most of these parts consist of minor effects, and few data are available about significant effects (e.g., vein thrombosis), pointing out the technical safety of ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy.Case Presentation: a 78-year-old woman was evaluated for chronic vein disease; at ultrasonographic and Doppler scan (USDS), severe GSV dilatation and GSV reflux were documented in both legs below the knee. After meticulous anamnesis and physical examination, informed consent was obtained, and ultrasound-guided percutaneous polidocanol foam (one part of 2% lauromacrogol solution + one part of the air, mixed with Double Syringe System) sclerotherapy was performed in the right leg; best medical therapy was given after the procedure. After five days, USDS pointed out thrombosis extending to the thigh upper region to saphenous-femoral junctions, consisting of deep vein thrombosis. Appropriate anticoagulant therapy was promptly dispensed, and the patient had no aftermaths.Conclusion:The prevalence of vein thrombosis after lauromacrogol sclerotherapy is unknown, and their correlation is uncertain, but, in our experience, it should be suspected in patients who referred lower limb pain after this procedure despite the best medical therapy dispensation.