We publish a text by Aníbal Quijano that aims to open up some questions related to the relations between society and the State in Latin America. The exploration of this problem has as its starting point the discussion of the question of “participation” in its two modalities: on the one hand, “self-management participation”, as the intervention of workers in the management of companies; and, on the other hand, the “participation” of the “social movements”, where their relations with the State are closely examined. The examination of these problems explores them from the perspective of the problematic of power. He argues that the power structure in Latin America is in crisis to the extent that capitalist “modernization” exploded “long before ...