Protein abundance, glycogen concentration, and protein phosphorylation determined in skeletal muscle from 5-hour postexercised rats or time-matched sedentary control rats with or without refeeding.

(A) Glycogen synthase abundance. (B) Glycogen. (C) HKII abundance. (D) GLUT4 abundance. (E) PGC1α abundance. (F) PDK4 abundance. (G) Representative immunoblots. (H) pAMPKThr172/AMPK ratio. (I) pACC1/2Ser79/212/ACC1/2 ratio. (J) pTBC1D1Ser237/ TBC1D1 ratio. (K) Representative immunoblots. (L) PYGM abundance. (M) AGL abundance. (N) GBE1 abundance. (O) Representative immunoblots. shRNA-GS1 versus shRNA-Scr within the same exercise group (5hPEX or 5hSed) and diet group (refed or not refed), GP EP DP < 0.05. Comparisons between the two groups were analyzed by a multilevel mixed-effects linear regression analysis. Values are means ± SD; n = 6-12/group for all the immunoblots and glycogen.