Management of Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI): Literature Review

Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) of the lower extremities manifests itself in a variety of clinical spectrums, ranging from cosmetic issues that are asymptomatic to severe symptoms like venous ulcer. Due to a lack of understanding of the various presenting manifestations of primary and secondary venous disorders and an underestimation of the problem's magnitude and impact, CVI is a relatively common medical condition that is frequently overlooked by healthcare providers. Due to the possibility of underdiagnosis of CVI, an increase in obesity, and an aging population, it is anticipated that the prevalence of CVI will rise. Duplex ultrasound, radiofrequency ablation, and iliac vein stenting play an important role in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of CVI of the lower extremities