MULTIVARIATE CAUSALITY TEST OF ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION, CAPITAL FORMATION, EXPORT, URBANISATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH FOR TOGO

This study examines the electricity consumption and economic growth relationship in Togo for 1971- 2009 period. Controlling for capital formation, export and urbanisation, findings suggest the existence of long run connection in the variables. The study further detects long run positive unidirectional causality from electricity consumption, capital formation and export to economic growth, with long run negative unidirectional causality from urbanisation to economic growth. These indicate that expansive energy policies are necessary for sustainable increment in the national output of Togo. However, expansive policies must be complemented with improvement of capital formation; development of the export industry; and taming the pace of urbanisation in the country