The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Private Equity

This chapter delves into the intriguing relationship between family firms (FFs) and private equity (PE), shedding light on the opportunities and challenges inherent in this phenomenon. FFs, which are characterized by significant family ownership and control, have captured the attention of PE investors worldwide. On the one hand, PE investors represent an interesting partner for FFs as the former may help to resolve conflicts, address liquidity needs, facilitate succession, drive growth, and adapt to changing industries. PE becomes an essential option for FFs when other financing avenues are limited, and minority investments hold particular allure as they allow the family to maintain control while benefiting from external resources. On the other hand, PE investors recognize the growth potential and promising financial returns associated with FFs. However, negotiations can be intricate since FFs often also consider noneconomic factors. Information asymmetries and trust issues can hinder the process, underscoring the importance of building rapport and aligning strategic and financial objectives. Evidence shows that FFs are more inclined to grant control and voting rights to PE investors when trust is high and when the investor’s nonfinancial resources are required. Although research is relatively limited, positive effects of PE investments on FF performance have been observed, particularly when FFs were underperforming prior to the investment. Acquiring minority stakes in FFs has been found to stimulate growth and profitability, particularly when integrating the existing management team. In conclusion, the partnership between family firms (FFs) and private equity (PE) investors holds strong potential for value creation and mutual benefit. With the provision of financial resources and expertise from PE investors, FFs gain the means to overcome growth challenges and navigate generational transitions. Building trust, aligning strategic objectives, and integrating management teams, however, are crucial for success. When addressing these challenges, FFs and PE investors may unlock significant potential for value creation