Improving the thermal stability of 1-3 piezoelectric composite transducers manufactured using thermally conductive polymeric fillers

With a view to improving the thermal stability of ultrasonic transducers prepared using 1-3 piezoelectric composites, the use of front face layers manufactured from thermally insulating and partially thermally conductive polymeric materials has been investigated. Experimentally, heat dissipation was investigated, in air and in water, using different transducer configurations and the advantage of including a front face layer manufactured from thermally conductive polymeric material is demonstrated. The PZFlex finite element modelling package was utilised to assess the thermal diffusivity of each polymer in the different transducer configurations and was found to compare well with experiment