Institutional Investors, CSR Report Readability and the Moderating Role of ESG Performance

This study examines the impact of institutional investors on the readability of corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports in the Chinese polluting industry. All available CSR reports in the listed polluting industries in China from 2010 to 2019 are analyzed to develop a readability score for each company. To differentiate the heterogenous motivation of institutional investors, we classify institutional investors into long-term and short-term investors based on their holding purpose and trading frequency. The results show that long-term institutional investors with long-term horizons have strong motivation to engage in the CSR reports disclosure. However, short-term institutional investors pursue near-term interests and they may have weak incentives to participate in the corporate governance and improve CSR report readability. Furthermore, we also find that the positive relationship between long-term institutional investors and CSR readability is stronger in polluting firms with higher environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. The significant role of institutional investors in promoting CSR reporting highlights the importance for polluting firms to acknowledge the needs of large and influential investors