Co₄S₃ Nanoparticles Confined in an MnS Nanorod-Grafted N, S‑Codoped Carbon Polyhedron for Highly Efficient Sodium-Ion Batteries

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) suffer from limited ion diffusion and structural expansion, generating the urgent demand for Na+ accommodable materials with promising architectures. In this work, the rational exploration for Co4S3 nanoparticles confined in an MnS nanorod-grafted N, S-codoped carbon polyhedron (Co–Mn–S@N–S–C) is achieved by the in situ growth of MOF on MnO2 nanorod along with the subsequent carbonization and sulfurization. Benefiting from the distinctive nanostructure, the Co–Mn–S@N–S–C anode delivers excellent structural stability, resulting in prolonged cycling stability with a capacity retention of 90.2% after 1000 cycles at 2 A g–1. Moreover, the reaction storage mechanism is clarified by the in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements. The results indicate that properly designed electrode materials have huge potential applications for highly efficient energy storage devices