Seamless Payments for Complete Trips: A Guide for Transit Agencies

This paper explores the integration of trip payments between public transit systems and shared mobility services. It begins with a look at fare payment systems, fare types and fare technology. Examples are provided of recent implementation of payment integration using (1) card-based systems (Montr\ue9al, Seattle, Los Angeles); and (2) account-based systems (Chicago, Dallas, Portland). The paper concludes with recommendations and a conceptual framework for transit agencies considering integrating mobility payments