Analysis of loan interest rates in Slovenia during the period of increasing interest rates

Dandanes si brez kreditov težko privoščimo dražje dobrine, kot so avtomobili, gospodinjski aparati ali pa nakup stanovanja. Banke nam tako omogočajo najetje različnih vrst kreditov, s katerimi nam omogočijo nakup teh dobrin. Višina kredita in mesečnih obrokov pa je odvisna od obrestnih mer. Pri sklepanju kredita se tako določi in dogovori z banko glede odplačevanja, obrestnih mer, dobi odplačevanja, znesku kredita in drugih lastnosti, ki so še pomembne pri najemu kredita. Na najem kredita pa vpliva tudi kreditna sposobnost potrošnika. V diplomski nalogi smo naredili primerjave stanovanjskih kreditov bank. Prikazali smo informativne izračune treh bank v Sloveniji, ki smo jih v diplomski nalogi podrobneje opazovali, in sicer so toNova Ljubljanska banka, Nova kreditna banka Maribor ter banka Intesa Sanpaolo. V prvem delu smo tako primerjali stanovanjske kredite teh treh bank. Z informativnimi izračuni smo prikazali zneske mesečnih anuitet, s katerimi smo prikazali, katera banka ima najugodnejši kredit za potrošnika. Informativni izračun smo pripravili pod določenimi pogoji, po katerih smo nato primerjali stanovanjske kredite opazovanih bank. Ugotovili smo, da ima NLB najugodnejšo fiksno in spremenljivo obrestno mero za stanovanjski kredit pri danih predpostavkah. Kljub temu da ima NLB najnižji obrestni meri, pa ima kot skupni znesek za plačilo ugodnejše kredite Nova KBM. V drugem delu naloge smo podrobneje predstavili obrestne mere. Primerjali smo obrestne mere med opazovanimi bankami. Na podlagi njihovih obrestnih mer, ki so lahko spremenljive ali fiksne, bomo prikazali, katera banka ima najugodnejše obrestne mere za svoje komitente in tudi nekomitente banke pri najemu stanovanjskega kredita. Ugotovili smo, da ima v obdobju od 13 do 120 mesecev najugodnejšo fiksno obrestno mero NLB in v obdobju do 240 mesecev Nova KBM. Najnižjo spremenljivo obrestno mero ima banka Intesa Sanpaolo, in sicer v obeh opazovanih obdobjih. V zadnjem, tretjem delu, je predstavljena kreditna sposobnost prebivalcev Slovenije. Naredili smo primerjavo glede višine kreditnega obroka, ki ga lahko najame potrošnik s povprečno slovensko plačo. Predstavljena je tudi primerjava obrokov stanovanjskih kreditov za leto 2017 in leto 2023. Za ti dve obdobji smo naredili analizo, za koliko so se zvišale fiksne in spremenljive obrestne mere in kako vplivajo na skupne stroške pri najemu stanovanjskega kredita.Nowadays, it is difficult to afford more expensive goods such as cars, household appliances or a home without credit. Banks thus enable us to take out various types of credits, which enable us to purchase these goods. The amount of the credit and monthly instalments depend on the interest rates. When making a credit agreement, repayment, interest rates, repayment period, loan amount and other features that are important when taking out a loan are determined and agreed on with the bank. The creditworthiness of the consumer also affects the terms of the credit. In the diploma thesis, we compared housing credit options of different banks. We made informative calculations based on three banks in Slovenia which we observed in more detail, namely Nova Ljubljanska banka (NLB), Nova kreditna banka Maribor (Nova KBM) and Intesa Sanpaolo Bank. In the first part, we compared the housing credits of these three banks. We used informative calculations to outline the amounts of monthly annuities, which we used to determine which bank had the most favourable credit for the consumer. We prepared the informative calculation under certain conditions, according to which we then compared the housing credits of the observed banks. We found that NLB has the most favourable fixed and variable interest rate for housing credit under the given conditions. However, despite the fact that NLB has the lowest interest rate, Nova KBM has a more favourable total amount of payment. In the second part of the thesis, interest rates are presented in more detail. We compared interest rates between the observed banks. Based on their interest rates, which can be variable or fixed, we indicate which bank has the most favourable interest rates for both its clients and non-clients with housing credits. We found that NLB offers the most favourable fixed interest rate for a period of 13 to 120 months and Nova KBM for a period of up to 240 months. Intesa Sanpaolo Bank has the lowest variable interest rate in both observed periods. In the last part, the creditworthiness of the residents of Slovenia is presented. We made a comparison based on the credit instalment amount that a consumer with an average Slovenian salary is able to attain. A comparison of housing credit instalments for 2017 and 2023 is also presented. We made an analysis of how much fixed and variable interest rates have increased over these two periods and how they affect the total costs of housing credits