Refugees' geographic and socio-economic mobility in rural regions

Previous research has identified that an upward socio-economic mobility takes place for mostimmigrants over time and that some nationalities are more successful than others. However,the studies focus on the aggregate level only. The dual labour market theory predicts that lowskilled labour immigrants and refugees will pick up jobs in the lower labour market segment. If they accept their low socio-economic position, they will become ‘integrated’ into the host community; attempts to improve their socio-economic position will encounter obstruction. This is in line with the established-outsider theory. The solution is either to refrain from pursuing upward socio-economic mobility or to move somewhere else