Ship Captain and Crew - National and International Regulations

Predmet ovog rada predstavlja pregled položaja i funkcija, odnosno obveza zapovjednika i posade broda u plovidbi, na sidru i u luci sukladno domaćem i međunarodnom zakonodavstvu. Naglasak je, ipak stavljen na domaće zakonodavstvo, odnosno na podzakonske propise donesene na temelju Pomorskog zakonika i to: Pravilnik o najmanjem broju članova posade za sigurnu plovidbu koji moraju imati pomorski brodovi, plutajući objekti i nepomični odobalni objekti, Pravilnika o obavljanju poslova, radnom vremenu i održavanju straže članova posade trgovačke mornarice Republike Hrvatske i Pravilnika o pomorskim knjižicama i odobrenjima za ukrcavanje, te postupcima i načinu prijave i odjave pomoraca na obvezno mirovinsko i obvezno zdravstveno osiguranje. Sadržaj navedenih zakonskih i podzakonskih propisa usklađen je s međunarodnim propisima, odnosno konvencijama Međunarodne pomorske organizacije (SOLAS, COLREG i STWC konvencij). Analizirani Pravilnici pokazuju svu složenost međusobnih odnosa posade na brodu tijekom plovidbe, na sidru i u luci. U tom smislu, analizirane su funkcije zapovjednika i članova posade, među kojima je naročito obrađeno pitanje obveza straže. Također, rad analizira i uvjete pod kojim se može izdati pomorska knjižica i način postupanja s njom, odnosno kada su u pitanju strani državljani odobrenje za ukrcaj. Prikazani Pravilnici samo su mali segment propisa o pomorstvu koji se bave pitanjem veličine i vrsta brodova te onečišćenja mora.The subject of this work is an overview of the position and functions, i.e. obligations of the ship's master and the ship's crew during navigation, at anchor and in the port in accordance with domestic and international legislation. The emphasis, however, was placed on the domestic legislation, specifically on the by-laws adopted on the basis of the Maritime Code, namely the Ordinance on the minimum number of crew members for safe navigation that sea ships, floating objects and stationary offshore objects must have, Ordinance on performance of duties, working hours and watchkeeping of crew members of the merchant navy of the Republic of Croatia and Ordinance on seafarers' passbooks and embarkation permits, as well as the procedures and methods of registering and deregistering seafarers for mandatory pension and compulsory health insurance. The analysis of the aforementioned by-laws showed that the Croatian Maritime Code, and then the Ordinance that have been dealt with in this paper, fully follow or are harmonized with the international rules and standards, specifically the International Maritime Orginaztion (IMO) Conventions: SOLAS, COLREG and STWC Convention, which are reviewed in the final part of the paper. The analyzed by-laws show all the complexity of the mutual relations of the crew on the ship during navigation, at anchor and in the port. In this sense, the functions of commanders and crew members were analyzed, among which the issue of guard duties was particularly addressed. Also, the paper analyzes the conditions under which a seaman's book can be issued and the manner of handling it, i.e. when it comes to foreign citizens or those without citizenship, - authorization for embarkation. The presented Ordinances s are only a small segment of maritime regulations that deal with the issue of ship size, types of ships and sea pollution