Studies on the administration and management of the Okinawa National Forest after the Second World War(Department of Forestry)

アメリカの沖縄統治の最大の狙いは軍事基地の維持・拡大にあった。そのことは国有林の中にも貫徹され, 本島北部国有林の97%がいまだに米軍演習地となっている。米軍演習地の存在はアジア地域における日米資本の安全と利潤確保につながっている。アメリカは沖縄の官有林を安上がりに管理経営するため, 琉球政府を媒介とした管理体制, すなわち間接支配体制を整備・確立した。そして官有林管理経営のための法制もアメリカの監視の下で主に琉球政府によって立法化された。軍事優先のアメリカ統治下での伐採・造林事業, なかでも後者はきわめて遅れていた。復帰前もそして復帰後の今日も本島北部国有林の大部分は米軍演習地であるため, 健全な森林経営ができないのが実情である。このようなことから県民の期待にそう国有林経営が行なわれるためには, 米軍演習地の一日も早い開放が望まれるのである。一方, 西表国有林では十条製紙系八重山開発KKが同林の40%を部分林契約地として利用している。今後とも, とくに造林技術問題が解決されずに資本の論理で森林開発がおし進められた場合, そのうちに1万ha近い同契約地は荒廃化する危険さえ十分予想されるのである。このように戦後の沖縄国有林の管理経営体制は日米資本の安全と利潤追求を大前提にしたものとして理解されよう。The main aim of the Okinawa occupation by the United States was to maintain and enlarge the military base. This has been realized in the National Forest, and the ninety seven percents of the National Forest in the northern district of the Main Island have been the maneuver land of the United States' Military yet. The things that the maneuver land of the United States' Military exist are related to the security and the profit maintenance of Japanese capital and the United States' Capital in Asia area. The United States have provided and established the administration system, namely, the system of indirect occupation through the Ryukyu-Government, in order to administrate and manage the National Forest with cheapness. Then, the laws for administrating and managing the National Forest were mainly established by the Ryukyu-Government under the inspection of the United States. The cutting and afforestation were behind under the United States' occupation of military priority, and the latter especially so between two. It is true that its sound management is impossible, since the greater part of National Forest in the northern district of the Main Island is the maneuver land before the return of the Okinawa to Japan and today after this. So, we do hope that the maneuver land is dissolved as soon as possible, so that the management of National Forest which people in the Okinawa Prefecture expect is done. In the meantime, the Yaeyama Exploitation Company under the Jujyo Paper Making Company has utilized forty percents of it as the contract forest land for profit sharing forest in the Iriomoto National Forest. If the problem of afforestation with much money is not solved after this and the Forest exploitation is strongly done by the theory of capital, the contract forest land of about ten thousand as profit sharing forest will be in a state of denudation in the near future. In this way, we can understand that the system of the administration and management of the Okinawa National Forest after the Second World War is the thing which takes preference of the security and the profit pursuance of Japanese capital and the United States' Capital