PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILE OF ESSENTIAL OILS AND HYDROLATES OF LAUREL, ROSEMARY, GOLDEN SAMPHIRE AND SEA FENNEL : diplom athesis

Cilj ovog rada je bio odrediti kemijski sastav i sadržaj hlapljivih spojeva u eteričnim uljima i hidrolatima biljaka lovora (Laurus nobilis L.), ružmarina (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), primorskog omana (Inula crithmoides L.) i motra (Crithmum maritimum L.) sakupljenih u proljeće na području srednje Dalmacije. Eterična ulja i hidrolati su dobiveni vodenom destilacijom u aparaturi po Clevengeru. Ulja su potom izravno analizirana u vezanom sustavu plinska kromatografija - spektrometrija masa (GC-MS), a vršne pare uzoraka hidrolata su prikupljene mikroekstrakcijom vršnih para na čvrstoj fazi (HS-SPME) te analizirane u GC-MS-u. Najzastupljenije komponente eteričnog ulja (EO) lovora su 1,8-cineol, α-terpinil acetat, metil eugenol, sabinen, α-terpineol i α-pinen, dok su najzastupljenije komponente njegovog hidrolata 1,8-cineol, α-terpinil acetat, α-terpineol, eugenol, terpinen-4-ol i metil eugenol. Najzastupljenije komponente EO ružmarina su α-pinen, 1,8-cineol, verbenon, bornil acetat i borneol, dok su najzastupljenije komponente njegovog hidrolata 1,8-cineol, karvon, verbenon, bornil acetat, borneol, α-terpineol i kamfor (7,43%). Najzastupljenije komponente EO primorskog omana su p-cimen, 8,9-dehidrotimol metil eter, p- cimen-7-ol, 2,4-dimetil izoheksil benzoat i α-felandren (5,90%), dok su najzastupljenije komponente njegovog hidrolata 8,9-dehidrotimol metil eter, 8,9-dehidrotimol, p-cimen, -8,9-dehidro-4-hidroksitimol dimetil eter i benzenacetaldehid. Najzastupljenije komponente EO motra su limonen, sabinen i (E)-β- ocimen, dok su najzastupljenije komponente njegovog hidrolata terpinen-4-ol, limonen, cis-p-ment-2-en- 1-ol i cis-sabinen hidrat.The aim of this work was to determine the chemical composition and content of volatile compounds in essential oils and hydrolates of plants laurel (Laurus nobilis L.), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), golden samphire (Inula crithmoides L.) and sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum L.) collected in the spring in the area of central Dalmatia. Essential oils and hydrolates were obtained by water distillation in a Clevenger apparatus. The oils were then directly analyzed in a coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system, and the peak vapors of the hydrolate samples were collected by microextraction of the peak vapors on the solid phase (HS-SPME) and analyzed in GC-MS. The most abundant components of the essential oil (EO) of laurel are 1,8-cineole, α-terpinyl acetate, methyl eugenol, sabinene, α-terpineol and α-pinene, while the most abundant components of its hydrolate are 1,8-cineole, α-terpinyl acetate, α-terpineol, eugenol, terpinen-4-ol and methyl eugenol. The most abundant components of rosemary EO are α-pinene, 1,8-cineole, verbenone, bornyl acetate and borneol, while the most abundant components of its hydrolate are 1,8-cineole, carvone, verbenone, bornyl acetate, borneol, α-terpineol and camphor (7,43%). The most abundant components of EO of golden samphire are p-cymene, 8,9- dehydrothymol methyl ether, p-cymen-7-ol, 2,4-dimethyl isohexyl benzoate and α-phellandrene (5,90%), while the most abundant components of its hydrolate 8,9-dehydrothymol methyl ether, 8,9-dehydrothymol, p-cymene, -8,9-dehydro-4-hydroxythymol dimethyl ether and benzeneacetaldehyde. The most abundant components of the EO sea fennel are limonene, sabinene and (E)-β-ocimene, while the most abundant components of its hydrolate are terpinen-4-ol, limonene, cis-p-menth-2-en-1-ol and cis-sabinene hydrate