Geology of Raw Materials in Roman Mortars of the Danube Limes in Serbia

Geological building materials have always played a very important role in the construction of all types of buildings. They were among the first mineral raw materials exploited, processed, and used by man (Prikril et al., 2016). In most cases, these are raw materials of a local character, cheap, and easily available. Accordingly, geological building materials used to make Roman mortars, known for their enviable mechanical properties and durability, played a very important role in the area of the Danube Limes in Serbia. Geologically, this area is built of petrologically different rocks of different geological ages. The rocks formed from the Palaeozoic to the Quaternary contain all the basic geological building materials: sand and gravel, stone, clay, etc