Development of the career studies and some issues for the future career education

Career studies developed rapidly in these 100 years since Parsons (1909) proposed a theory of vocational choice. Super (1980) insisted on the need of a long-term viewpoint to attach great importance to the lifetime development of the vocational self-concept whereas Parsons attached great importance to early vocational choice. In the late years when vocational environment changes rapidly, the elucidation of the process of the lifetime career development becomes particularly important. Savickas (1997) suggests that we need the long-term upbringing of the career adaptability for the development of subjective career. On the other hand, Krumbolts (1996) insists that only the independent social learning of the individual who utilized accidental opportunity enables the lifetime career development. Based on these studies, Boyatzis (2006) proposes the model of the self-oriented learning process for sustainable intentional change of the ideal self. For the future career education in Japan, we should establish the integrated guideline for the career development that is consistent to a member of society more from elementary school to university based on these career theories. Furthermore, it is also necessary to clarify requirements and the development process of global career beyond the border while the globalization of the vocational environment progresses