Add to ORKGAfter Japanese modernization started in 1868, numerous tanka magazines have been published. Among them, Kokoro no hana first published in 1898, has been one of the most significant magazines in tanka world until today. This article explores the features of the first volume of this magazine. To compare with Kokoro no hana, I choose two proceeding magazines that have different characteristics; Hude no hana, a Tokyo local magazine, and Ōyashima Gakkai Zassi, an enterprising magazine that circulated throughout Japan by postal system to revitalize traditional Japanese aesthetic sense, which was at stake under rapid westernization. In the latter, many kyūha or the old school tanka authors who were supposed to stick with old values contributed...