Predictors of Medication Adherence in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the predictors of medication adherence behavior and the role of self-efficacy in the medication adherence of people with diabetes. Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study. One hundred forty-eight samples were selected through the formula of difference of means. Measure tools consisted of a demographic questionnaire, Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, and psychological constructs questionnaires. SPSS20 software was used for descriptive statistics tests and calculation of correlation coefficients between variables. Amos 8.80 was used to implement the structural equation modeling method. Results: The mean age of participants was 54.1 ± 8.2 and mean of body mass index (BMI) was 28.3 ± 4.5. Correlation coefficients between medication compliance behavior and the constructs of knowledge (r = 0.382, p < 0.01), attitude (r = 0.422, p < 0.01), subjective norms (r = 0.312, 05 p < 0.05), self-efficacy (r = 0.481, p < 0.05) and fear (r = 0.305, p < 0.05) were positive and significant. In general, the strongest correlation coefficient was reported between attitude and self-efficacy (r = 0.516, p < 0.01). The fit indices generally showed that the data fitted well with the assumed model. Self-efficacy was the most important construct that directly influenced medication adherence (β = 0.585, p < 0.05), followed by attitude (β = 0.328, p < 0.05) and fear (β = 0.265, p < 0.05). Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, it was shown that various factors affect medication adherence behavior, among which self-efficacy is the most important reason, and subjective norms, attitude and norms and awareness of factors affecting medication adherence behavior