Sistem Pemasaran Beras Di Kabupaten Landak, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat

Landak regency has potential to develop rice with productivity surplus 52.296 tons.  Increased production must be balanced with the right marketing system so the farmer and seller could gain better profit level. This study aims to analyze channel, function and the operational efficiency (marketing margin, farmer’s share, profit ratio) rice in Landak Regency. This study took 45 farmers respondents sample using purposive sampling method and 13 marketing agencies using snowball sampling method. Qualitative data processing used to analyze marketing channels and marketing institutions. Quantitative data processing used to analyze marketing margin, farmer’s share, and the ratio of benefits to costs. The research results showed that there are five marketing channel and four marketing institution involved. The marketing channel distinguished by the product from the farmer which is marketing channel 1, 2 and 3 the farmer selling the paddy (raw rice) and marketing channel 4 and 5 the farmer selling rice. The analysis of operational efficiency showed that marketing channel that relative efficient were channel 1 based on its ratio of benefit to cost that has value >1 (profitable). Improvement the institutional role of farmers such group transactions can help farmers receive more profitable price.Landak Regency has the potential to develop rice with a production surplus of 52,296 tonnes. This increase in production must be balanced with a good marketing system so that farmers and marketing agencies can receive more favorable prices. The purpose of this study is to analyze the channel, function and operational efficiency of rice marketing (marketing margin, farmer's share, and profit to cost ratio) in Landak District. This study involved 45 respondent farmers as a sample which was obtained through a purposive sampling method in which the respondent farmers were selected with consideration of certain characteristics according to the research objectives. Marketing agency respondents were obtained using the snowball method based on information flow from farmers and obtained 13 marketing agency respondents. Qualitative data is used to analyze marketing channels and agencies. Quantitative data is used to analyze marketing margins, farmer's share and profit to cost ratio. The results showed that there were 5 marketing channels and 4 marketing agencies involved. The marketing channel is distinguished from the products sold by farmers, namely channels 1, 2 and 3, farmers sell unhusked rice, while channels 4 and 5 sell rice. Channel 1 consists of farmer-gatherer-factory-retailer-end consumer, channel 2 consists of farmer-collector-mill-retailer-end consumer, channel 3 consists of farmer-mill-retailer-end consumer, channel 4 consists of farmer-retailer -end consumers and channel 5 farmers sell rice directly to end consumers. The results of the operational efficiency analysis show that a relatively efficient marketing channel is channel 1 based on the profit to cost ratio having a value of >1 (profitable). Increasing the institutional role of farmers (poktan and gapoktan) such as collective transactions can help farmers receive more profitable prices.