Karakteristik Penderita Pneumonia Usia 1-59 Bulan yang Dirawat Inap di Rumah Sakit

Pneumonia is an acute infectious ailment affecting the pulmonary parenchyma and caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Denpasar stood out among the regions in Bali with the highest occurrence of pneumonia cases among children below the age of five, with a total of 631 individuals in 2021. The aim of this research is to establish the attributes of hospitalized pneumonia patients aged 1 to 59 months at Surya Husadha General Hospital Denpasar from 2020 to 2022. This study adopts a descriptive approach with a cross-sectional design. Data were procured through the utilization of complete sampling technique, involving 81 patients medical records. The results showed that the majorities of pneumonia patient were aged 1 - 23 months as many as 42 children (51.9%), 48 children (59.3%) were male, and 69 children (85.2%) had good nutritional status. All toddlers who became research subjects had received complete basic immunization, 90.1% of them were categorized as pneumonia and 67.9% of toddlers underwent hospitalization with a lengths of stay of more than five days. This indicates that toddlers with pneumonia who were hospitalized were mostly <2 years old, male, with good nutritional status, and had received complete basic immunization. Most toddlers did not suffer from severe pneumonia with an average length of stay of 5 days.Penyakit pneumonia adalah suatu infeksi akut yang timbul akibat invasi mikroorganisme seperti bakteri, virus, atau jamur pada parenkim paru. Pada tahun 2021, tercatat bahwa Denpasar menjadi daerah di Bali yang mengalami angka insiden tertinggi terhadap pneumonia pada anak usia balita, yaitu mencapai 631 individu. Tujuan penelitian yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik penderita pneumonia usia 1 - 59 bulan yang dirawat inap di Rumah Sakit Umum Surya Husadha Denpasar tahun 2020 – 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional dan bersifat deskriptif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari rekam medis sebanyak 81 pasien dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling. Data akan dianalisis secara univaribel dengan program SPSS Statistics 25. Temuan penelitian menggambarkan mayoritas penderita pneumonia berusia 1 – 23 bulan sebanyak 42 anak (51,9%), laki – laki sebanyak 48 anak (59,3%) dan status gizi baik sebanyak 69 anak (85,2%). Semua balita yang menjadi subjek penelitian sudah mendapat imunisasi dasar lengkap, 90,1% diantaranya termasuk dalam kategori pneumonia dan sebanyak 67,9% balita menjalani rawat inap dengan lama rawat ³ 5 hari. Ini menunjukkan bahwa balita yang mengalami pneumonia serta dirawat inap di rumah sakit sebagian besar berusia < 2 tahun, laki – laki, dengan status gizi baik, serta telah mendapatkan imunisasi dasar lengkap. Sebagian besar balita tidak menderita pneumonia berat dengan rata – rata lama rawat selama 5 hari