Why astrophysical black holes do not have horizons, and what it means if they do

Do astrophysical black holes observed by LIGO and EHT actually trap light We argue that properties of the near-horizon regions, such as an atmosphere of exotic matter violating the null energy condition or a firewall produced by an accreting black hole, combined with our current understanding of physics make this unlikely. If, however, a distant observer does detect an apparent horizons this will indicate the onset of radically new physics.Non UBCUnreviewedAuthor affiliation: Macquarie UniversityResearche