This dissertation focuses on the study of decision theory, a discipline that studies how choices are made and should be made and provides some valuable tools for decision-making. This thesis can be divided into two parts.In the first part, we study decision theory in the risk management field and identify some instruments that can be helpful for risk managers. We concentrate on the equivalence between two popular risk measures, VaR and TCE. The Swiss Solvency Test is more risk-averse than Solvency II when losses are modeled using a generalized Pareto distribution. Further, we introduce a new indicator that extends TCE to consider high-order risks, and we compare the quantiles of this indicator to the quantile of VaR and TCE. However, the ex...