Radial artery aneurysm arising from the stump of a ligated arteriovenous fistula in a kidney transplant patient

While aneurysm and pseudoaneurysm are common complications to arteriovenous (AV) fistula, the development of aneurysm from the stump of a ligated AV fistula is unusual. The involvement of radial artery after AV fistula ligation is an extremely rare entity with only two cases reported in the literature. In this report, we describe a 40-year-old kidney transplant patient who presented with a radial artery aneurysm after radiocephalic fistula ligation which was managed by the plastic surgery team using autologous vein graft reconstruction, and we compare our case to the two cases described in the literature in the presentations, timelines, and management options.