The impact of Mindfulness based program on changes in self-esteem and on development of the trait mindfulness

Čuječnost je v zadnjih nekaj desetletjih postala zelo priljubljen koncept in predmet številnih raziskav. Izkazala se je za učinkovito pri reševanju številnih psihičnih težav, med koristmi, ki so jih raziskave ugotovile, pa so: uravnavanje čustev, zmanjšanje depresije, sprejemanje sebe in svojih izkušenj brez obsojanja, boljše duševno zdravje in splošno zadovoljstvo z življenjem. Raziskava je preučevala vpliv ene najbolj znanih psiholoških intervencij, ki temelji na čuječnosti, Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction. Na vzorcu 36 preiskovancev smo preverili, na kakšen način sodelovanje v tem 8 do 10 tedenskem programu vpliva na samospoštovanje, njegovo pogojenost, pa tudi na razvoj same čuječnosti. Rezultati niso pokazali pomembnejših sprememb v povečanju samospoštovanja (M=36,19 prej in M= 38,42 pozneje), prišlo pa je do zmanjšanja njegove pogojenosti (samospoštovanje pogojeno s kompetenco M= 36,25 prej in M=31,61 pozneje).samospoštovanje pogojeno s sprejemanjem (M= 42,11 prej in M= 35,65 pozneje), in na porast lastnosti »čuječnost«, katere spremembe v raziskavi se kažejo pri vsaki posamezni komponenti. Čeprav se povprečno samospoštovanje po udeležbi v programu ni dvignilo na visoko raven, se je zmanjšala njegova pogojenost z občutkom kompetentnosti in sprejetosti s strani drugih, kar kaže na pozitivne učinke čuječnosti na razvoj brezpogojnega samospoštovanja. Pri anketirancih se je razvilo in povečalo tudi vseh pet komponent čuječnosti. Nekatere pomanjkljivosti raziskave so: majhen vzorec anketirancev, nespecifičnost populacije, ko gre za stopnjo samospoštovanja, pomanjkanje informacij o drugih aktivnostih, v katere bi se udeleženci lahko vključili v času trajanja raziskave in morebitne razlike med obema programoma, na katerih je raziskava potekala. Rezultati te raziskave so koristni za strokovnjake s področja izvajanja psihološke pomoči, izobraževalni sistem, pa tudi za vse druge ljudi, ki si prizadevajo za psihično dobro počutje.In the last few decades, Mindfulness has become very popular and subject of many research. It has shown to be effective in solving many psychological difficulties. Some of Mindfulness benefits found in previous research are: emotions regulation, reduction of depression, self acceptance and accepting of experiences without previous judging, better mental health and general life satisfaction. The study described here, examined the influence of one of the most known psychological interventions based on Mindfulness, Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction. On a sample of 36 respondents, it was examined how the participation in this 8 to 10 weeks program influences self-esteem, its contingency, and the development of mindfulness itself. The results showed no significant changes in the increase in self-esteem (M = 36.19 before and M = 38.42 after), but they showed reduced self-esteem\u27s contingency (competence based self-esteem M = 36.25 before and M = 31.61 after)acceptance (relations) based self-esteem (M = 42.11 before and M = 35.6 after), and increased "mindfulness", whose changes are shown in the research for each mindfulness component. Although, after participating in the program average self-esteem did not rise to a high self-esteem, its contingency and conditionality by competence and acceptance decreased, indicating the positive impacts of Mindfulness on developing unconditional self-esteem. All five components of Mindfulness were increased and developed by participants after participating in Mindfulness program. Some of the research disadvantages are: small sample, the non-specificity of examined population when it comes to the level of self-esteem, missing the information about other activities participants could have been involved in during the research period and also possible differences between the two examined programs. The research results are useful for professionals in the field of psychology, psychotherapy, education, but also for all other people who aspire to psychological well-being