The effects of reverse walk on patients with chronic lumbar pain - literature review

Uvod: Bolečina v spodnjem delu hrbta je eden izmed najbolj perečih zdravstvenih problemov današnjega časa in je opredeljena kot bolečina ali nelagodje med spodnjim rebrnim lokom in zadnjičnimi gubami. Širi se lahko vzdolž spodnjih udov, spremlja pa jo napetost ali otrdelost mišic. Pojavnost v posameznikovem življenjskem obdobju je od 60-85 %, v 90 % primerov gre za nespecifično bolečino, ki se pojavlja v vseh starostnih skupinah. Literatura poroča o različnih vrstah vadbe na učinkovitost zmanjšanja bolečine v spodnjem delu hrbta, manj raziskan pa je učinek vzvratne hoje na funkcioniranje pacientov z bolečino v spodnjem delu hrbta. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil na podlagi pregleda literature analizirati učinkovitost vzvratne hoje na funkcioniranje pacientov s kronično bolečino v spodnjem delu hrbta. Metode dela: Pri iskanju literature smo uporabili podatkovne zbirke DiKUL, PubMed, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate in Cobiss z uporabo ključnih besed v angleščini: backward walk, back pain, retro walk, lumbar pain, chronic pain ter v slovenščini: vzvratna hoja, bolečina, bolečina v križu. Rezultati: V analizo smo vključili pet nadzorovanih randomiziranih poskusov in en pregled literature. Rezultati so pokazali, da vzvratna hoja vpliva na zmanjšanje bolečine in izboljšanje ravnotežja, ne pa tudi na obseg gibljivosti in jakost mišic trupa. Razprava in zaključek: Vzvratna hoja zmanjšuje bolečino v spodnjem delu hrbta. Smiselne bi bile nadaljnje raziskave vpliva vzvratne hoje na obseg gibljivosti, ravnotežje in mišično jakost pri pacientih z bolečino v spodnjem delu hrbta.Introduction: Lower back pain is nowadays among the top health concerns worldwide and is defined as pain or unease below the margin of the last ribs and above the inferior gluteal lines. It can spread along lower limbs, and it can be accompanied by tenderness or rigidity of the muscles. It has a 60-85 % prevalence during an individual’s lifetime, in 90 % of all cases, there is no specific cause for the pain, so-called non-specific pain, which can occur in all age groups. In previous years there has been a lot of research done on therapeutic exercises and their effects on lower back pain. However, little is known about backward walking and its effects on lower back pain. Purpose: Based on a literature review, this diploma work aimed to investigate the effects of backward walking on people suffering from lower back pain. Methods: The literature research was conducted in different databases such as DiKUL, PubMed, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate and Cobiss. The following words in English were used: backward walk, back pain, retro walk, lumbar pain, chronic pain, and in Slovene: vzvratna hoja, bolečina, bolečina v križu. Results: Six articles, five randomized trials and one review met inclusion criteria and were included in further analysis. The results showed that reverse walking decreases pain and enhances balance but does not increase range of motion or muscle trunk strength. Discussion and conclusion: Backward walking is effective in reducing lower back pain. Future research should investigate the effects of backward walking on range of motion, balance and muscle strength among patients with lower back pain