Linking human behaviour to brain structure: further challenges and possible solutions

In their timely article, Genon and colleagues review recent developments in MRI studies that aim to link human behaviour to brain structure (Genon, S., Eickhoff, S. B. & Kharabian, S. Linking interindividual variability in brain structure to behaviour. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 23, 307–318 (2022))1. Over the past decade, they argue, the field has witnessed low replicability of research findings and decreases in effect sizes. They point to the adoption of multivariate approaches as one promising path forward. We endorse their insightful suggestions and would like to draw attention to two additional points that, in our opinion, represent key challenges and possible solutions going forward