Stress and well-being of nurses: an investigation using the demands-resources-individual effects (DRIVE) model and well-being process questionnaire (WPQ)

Background: Previous research shows that nurses have high levels of stress but less is known about their well-being. Objective: The present research used an adapted version of the Demands-Resources-Individual Effects (DRIVE) model to investigate these areas. The Well-Being Process Questionnaire (WPQ), which consists of single items, derived from longer scales was also used. Method: One hundred and seventy seven British nurses (160 female, 17 male) participated in an online survey. Results: The results showed that work characteristics could be grouped into three factors (resources; demands; and role/ change/bullying), as were personality scores (positive personality; openness/agreeable/conscientious; and extraversion/emotional stability). Coping (positive and negative coping) and outcomes (positive and negative outcomes, and positive and negative job appraisals) had a two factor solution. Results from logistic regressions showed that well-being outcomes were predicted by high positive personality and low negative coping. Positive job appraisals were predicted by high resources and low demands. Conclusion: These findings confirm that use of the DRIVE model and a short single item measuring instrument can quickly provide information about factors predicting the well-being of nurses