A two-prong approach of beneficial reuse of alum sludge in engineered wetland: first experience from Ireland

Effective management of the industrial waste requires a sustainable approach that maximises its value of reuse/recycle for other industrial demands and the environment needs. This article aims in exploring the potential of the intended purposes in the newly developed dewatered aluminium-water treatment sludge (Al-WTS)-based engineered wetland (EW) for wastewater treatment. Due to the low energy requirement and aesthetical appearance, EW is seen as a ‘green’ wastewater treatment technique worldwide, for a wide variety of wastewater treatment. The Al-WTS-based EW developed at University College Dublin, Ireland, represents the latest initiative at using engineering ingenuity to further improve EWs performance. This article summarises the background of development and the results derived from different phases of the development of Al-WTS-based EW